Effective detection of benzoyl peroxide in flour based on parameter selection of Raman hyperspectral system

Penetration depth and spatial resolution of Raman hyperspectral imaging system were studied for effective detection of benzoyl peroxide in flour. The determinations of parameters were achieved by using the single-band background-correct image of a benzoyl peroxide Raman characteristic band and a simple threshold method. The selected parameters were used to detect mixture samples with different concentrations. Percentage of detected benzoyl peroxide pixels was positively correlated to its concentration. The result shows that parameters selected in this study are effective for the detection of benzoyl peroxide additive in flour and can be used for quantitative analysis in the future.     

Convenient synthesis of substituted benzo[e][1,2,4]- or [d][1,2,6]oxadiazepines,benzo[f][1,3,5]triazocines from N-aryliminoesters

We report herein a short and efficient synthesis of benz[e][1,2,4]- or [d][1,2,6]oxadiazepines and benzo[f][1,3,5]triazocines from easily prepared N-aryl iminoesters. The strategy involves a bis-nucleophile reagent (hydroxylamine or guanidine) that promotes a one-step ring closure from the starting functionalized iminoesters.     

Propagation of generalized Mathieu–Gauss beams through paraxial misaligned optical systems

Based on the generalized diffraction integral, we derive an analytical formula for generalized Mathieu–Gauss beams (gMGBs) passing through an apertured misaligned optical system. Furthermore, we use the fact that a hard aperture function can be expanded into a finite sum of complex Gaussian functions to establish an approximate propagation equation of gMGBs through paraxial circularly apertured optical system. As an example, the propagation of ordinary and modified zeroth order MGBs through a misaligned thin lens is studied numerically.     

The potential energy surface and chaos in 2D Hamiltonian systems

We provide a new insight into the relationship between the geometric property of the potential energy surface and chaotic behavior of 2D Hamiltonian dynamical systems, and give an indicator of chaos based on the geometric property of the potential energy surface by defining Mean Convex Index (MCI). We also discuss a model of unstable Hamiltonian in detail, and show our results in good agreement with HBLSL's (Horwitz, Ben Zion, Lewkowicz, Schiffer and Levitan) new Riemannian geometric criterion.     

Hyperbolicity of C~1 -star invariant sets for C~1 -class dynamical systems

In this paper, we simply prove, in the framework of Liao, the hyperbolicity of C 1 -star invariant sets of C 1 -class differential systems on a closed manifold of dimension≤ 4, without using the C 1 -connecting lemma and even the ergodic closing lemma.     

超实数系统及其一致连续问题

基于模型论的观点与方法介绍超实数系统的构造及其公理体系,以说明非标准分析.由于超实数系统是普通实数系统的一个真扩张,所以,实数系统中的一致连续问题可推广至超实数系统.